Basit harmonik titre\u015fim<\/strong> hareketi (MVAS) olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan basit harmonik hareket (SHA)<\/strong> , hareket eden bir cismin sal\u0131n\u0131ml\u0131 bir yol yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 periyodik bir harekettir. Yani, basit bir harmonik hareketle v\u00fccut, denge konumunun bir taraf\u0131ndan di\u011fer taraf\u0131na tekrar tekrar sal\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n B\u00f6ylece basit bir harmonik hareket tarif eden cisim, denge konumu olan merkezi konumundan uzakla\u015f\u0131p tekrar tekrar yakla\u015f\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca bu t\u00fcr hareketlerde s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ihmal edilir, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ayn\u0131 konumdan iki kez ge\u00e7mek i\u00e7in gereken s\u00fcre her zaman ayn\u0131d\u0131r ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla periyodik bir harekettir.<\/p>\n \u00d6rne\u011fin, tavana tutturulmu\u015f bir yay \u00fczerinde as\u0131l\u0131 duran bir nesne, yer \u00e7ekimi nedeniyle a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru hareket ederken ve yay\u0131n elastik kuvveti nedeniyle tekrar yukar\u0131 do\u011fru hareket ederken basit harmonik hareket halindedir (hava s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmesi hari\u00e7), b\u00f6ylece etraf\u0131nda sal\u0131n\u0131ml\u0131 bir hareket ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirir. . denge konumu. <\/p>\n Basit harmonik hareketin (MAS) tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fckten sonra, kavram\u0131 daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in bu t\u00fcr hareketin birka\u00e7 \u00f6rne\u011fini g\u00f6rece\u011fiz:<\/p>\n Basit harmonik hareketlere (SAM) \u00f6rnekler:<\/strong><\/u><\/p>\n T\u00fcm bu hareketlerin zaman i\u00e7inde s\u00fcresiz olarak sal\u0131nmas\u0131 i\u00e7in herhangi bir s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn olmamas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini unutmay\u0131n. Ger\u00e7ekte bu hareketler hava ya da bir madde ile s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme nedeniyle durur ancak fizikte bu durumlarda s\u00fcrt\u00fcnme ihmal edilir ve bu nedenle s\u00fcresiz sal\u0131n\u0131m yapt\u0131klar\u0131 kabul edilir. <\/p>\n Basit harmonik hareket, onu karakterize eden a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki unsurlardan olu\u015fur:<\/p>\n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da basit harmonik hareket i\u00e7in form\u00fcller veya denklemler bulunmaktad\u0131r. Bu form\u00fcller basit harmonik hareket problemlerini \u00e7\u00f6zmenize yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n Basit harmonik hareketi tan\u0131mlayan bir par\u00e7ac\u0131\u011f\u0131n konumu, hareketin genli\u011fi \u00e7arp\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131sal frekans\u0131n kosin\u00fcs\u00fc \u00e7arp\u0131 zaman art\u0131 hareketin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 faz\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. Bu nedenle basit harmonik hareketin konumu form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong> \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n \n Alt\u0131n: <\/p>\n Basit harmonik hareketi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren v\u00fccudun uzamas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n basit harmonik hareketin genli\u011fidir. <\/span><\/li>\n a\u00e7\u0131sal veya titre\u015fim frekans\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n pozisyonun hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamand\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n basit harmonik hareketin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Bir cismin anl\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131, zamana g\u00f6re anl\u0131k konumunun t\u00fcrevine e\u015fittir. Bu nedenle basit harmonik hareketin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong> \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n \n Alt\u0131n: <\/p>\n basit bir harmonik hareket ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren v\u00fccudun anl\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n Basit harmonik hareketi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren v\u00fccudun anl\u0131k konumudur. <\/span><\/li>\n basit harmonik hareketin genli\u011fidir. <\/span><\/li>\n a\u00e7\u0131sal veya titre\u015fim frekans\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n pozisyonun hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamand\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n basit harmonik hareketin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Basit harmonik hareket yapan bir cismin h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn, denge konumundan ge\u00e7erken maksimum oldu\u011fu unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6te yandan, maksimum uzamada veya minimum uzamada sal\u0131n\u0131mlar\u0131n u\u00e7lar\u0131ndan birinde oldu\u011funda cismin h\u0131z\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bir cismin anl\u0131k ivmesi, zamana g\u00f6re anl\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n denkleminin t\u00fcretilmesiyle hesaplan\u0131r. Bu nedenle basit harmonik hareketin ivmesinin form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong> \u015fu \u015fekildedir:<\/p>\n \n Alt\u0131n: <\/p>\n basit bir harmonik hareket \u00fcreten v\u00fccudun anl\u0131k ivmesidir. <\/span><\/li>\n basit bir harmonik hareket ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren v\u00fccudun anl\u0131k h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n basit harmonik hareketin genli\u011fidir. <\/span><\/li>\n a\u00e7\u0131sal veya titre\u015fim frekans\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n pozisyonun hesapland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamand\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n basit harmonik hareketin ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 a\u015famas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Basit harmonik hareketi tan\u0131mlayan cisim maksimum veya minimum konumda oldu\u011funda, yani uzama maksimum veya minimum oldu\u011funda, ivmenin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn maksimum oldu\u011funu unutmay\u0131n. Ancak denge konumundayken cismin ivmesi s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n Periyot<\/strong> , cismin tam bir sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131 tamamlamas\u0131 i\u00e7in ge\u00e7en s\u00fcredir, yani bir konumdan ge\u00e7ti\u011fi an ile ayn\u0131 konumdan tekrar ge\u00e7ti\u011fi an aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7en s\u00fcredir. Yani periyot iki pi b\u00f6l\u00fc basit harmonik hareketin titre\u015fimine e\u015fittir.<\/p>\n \n Frekans<\/strong> , v\u00fccudun birim zaman ba\u015f\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sal\u0131n\u0131m say\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Basit bir harmonik hareketin frekans\u0131, titre\u015fiminin pi say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iki kat\u0131na b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle elde edilir.<\/p>\n \n Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla periyot ve frekans \u00e7arp\u0131msal terslerdir; yani bu miktarlardan biri, e\u011fer di\u011feri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki form\u00fcl kullan\u0131larak biliniyorsa hesaplanabilir:<\/p>\n \n Alt\u0131n: <\/p>\n as\u0131l nokta bu. <\/span><\/li>\n frekanst\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n a\u00e7\u0131sal veya titre\u015fim frekans\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Titre\u015fim<\/strong> olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131sal frekans<\/strong> , v\u00fccudun basit harmonik hareketle sal\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0131zd\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131sal frekans\u0131 hesaplama form\u00fcl\u00fc a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n \n Alt\u0131n: <\/p>\n a\u00e7\u0131sal veya titre\u015fim frekans\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n as\u0131l nokta bu. <\/span><\/li>\n frekanst\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n sal\u0131nan yay\u0131n sabitidir. <\/span><\/li>\n Basit bir harmonik hareket ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren cismin k\u00fctlesidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Geri getirme<\/strong> kuvveti olarak da adland\u0131r\u0131lan elastik kuvvet<\/strong> , elastik bir malzemenin deforme oldu\u011funda uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kuvvettir ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla basit harmonik hareketin sal\u0131n\u0131mlar\u0131na neden olan kuvvettir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir yay gerildi\u011finde veya s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, orijinal konumuna geri d\u00f6nmek amac\u0131yla elastik bir kuvvet uygular.<\/p>\n Elastik kuvvetin form\u00fcl\u00fc<\/strong> :<\/p>\n \n Alt\u0131n: <\/p>\n Newton cinsinden ifade edilen elastik kuvvettir. <\/span><\/li>\n birimi N\/m olan yay\u0131n elastik sabitidir.<\/span><\/li>\n yay\u0131n maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 uzama metre cinsinden ifade edilir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Not<\/strong> : Negatif i\u015fareti basit\u00e7e elastik kuvvetin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn yay\u0131n uzamas\u0131na ters oldu\u011funu belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6nemli olan elastik kuvvetin b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn elastik sabit ile yer de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u00e7arp\u0131m\u0131na e\u015fit olmas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n Elastik kuvvet form\u00fcl\u00fcnden, yay\u0131n maksimum uzamada (maksimum konumda veya minimum konumda) oldu\u011funda elastik kuvvet mod\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn maksimum oldu\u011fu sonucunu kolayl\u0131kla \u00e7\u0131karabiliriz. Benzer \u015fekilde, v\u00fccut denge konumundayken elastik kuvvet s\u0131f\u0131rd\u0131r. <\/p>\n Kinetik enerji, bir cismin h\u0131z\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 sahip oldu\u011fu enerjidir; di\u011fer taraftan potansiyel enerji, elastik kuvvetin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u015f nedeniyle deforme olabilen bir cismin (normalde bir yay) i\u00e7inde biriken enerjidir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla basit harmonik harekette kinetik enerjiyi ve potansiyel enerjiyi hesaplamak i\u00e7in form\u00fcller<\/strong> a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/p>\n \n Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde mekanik enerji de kinetik enerji ile potansiyel enerjinin toplam\u0131na e\u015fittir:<\/p>\n \n Alt\u0131n: <\/p>\n kinetik enerjidir. <\/span><\/li>\n potansiyel enerjidir. <\/span><\/li>\n Basit bir harmonik hareket ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren cismin k\u00fctlesidir. <\/span><\/li>\n basit harmonik hareketi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftiren cismin h\u0131z\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n birimi N\/m olan yay\u0131n elastik sabitidir. <\/span><\/li>\n basit bir harmonik hareketi tan\u0131mlayan v\u00fccudun uzamas\u0131d\u0131r. <\/span><\/li>\n mekanik enerjidir.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Ayr\u0131ca s\u00fcrt\u00fcnmeyi hesaba katmazsak yay\u0131n enerjisi kaybolmaz, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr (mekanik enerjinin korunumu ilkesi). Yani elastik potansiyel enerji kinetik enerjiye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir veya tam tersi olabilir, ancak toplam enerji azalmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n \n![\"basit](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/exemple-de-mouvement-harmonique-simple-plus.png\")
<\/figure>\n<\/span> Basit harmonik hareket \u00f6rnekleri<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
<\/span> Basit harmonik hareketin \u00f6zellikleri<\/span><\/h2>\n
\n
![\"basit](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/graphique-de-mouvement-harmonique-simple.png\")
<\/figure>\n<\/span> Basit harmonik hareket form\u00fclleri<\/span><\/h2>\n
<\/span> Konum<\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"x(t)=A\\cdot](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-4b112f6da56a28f19b9e192b3b48c636_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n
![\"x\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7e5fbfa0bbbd9f3051cd156a0f1b5e31_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"A\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-816b613a4f79d4bf9cb51396a9654120_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"\\omega\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-fbffdce91996e0a17795d82e8e6996d9_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"t\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-fd9cb27edab3f0a8a249bc80cc9c6ee2_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"\\phi_0\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c8618f3820889d0002a7eefeeb2aaf41_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/span> H\u0131z<\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"v(t)=\\cfrac{dx(t)}{dt}=-\\omega\\cdot](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c154c291e37fb56951e3ca69ec815784_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n
![\"v\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-796872219106704832bd95ce08640b7b_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/span> H\u0131zlanma<\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"a(t)=\\cfrac{dv(t)}{dt}=-\\omega^2\\cdot](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f034470ec70ae64903b32721aadac563_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n
![\"a\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-0e55b0b3943237ccfc96979505679274_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/span> periyot ve s\u0131kl\u0131k<\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"T=\\cfrac{2\\pi}{\\omega}\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-99ccd455979668f9e58d4beb11ef53b4_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n![\"f=\\cfrac{\\omega}{2\\pi}\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-58ec1106bf7c8a50c846c2dc5bde5689_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n![\"T=\\cfrac{1}{f}\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-1cb4c4d83c375ae11639a000afe4282c_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n
![\"T\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-7e093fd43ad2c244140c11afe4d4bdff_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"f\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-f5844370b6482674a233a3063f762555_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/span> A\u00e7\u0131sal veya titre\u015fim frekans\u0131<\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"\\displaystyle](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-26bcb3fe99e097555c119d3a48f182ac_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n![\"k\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-d42bc2203d6f76ad01b27ac9acc0bee1_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"m\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-fdc40b8ad1cdad0aab9d632215459d28_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/span> elastik kuvvet<\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"F_e=-k\\cdot](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-b886155aaf78dae4ad0a70c38f91d77f_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n
![\"F\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-88df03c55e081c7cd9da4e7d74ba7265_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n![\"\\Delta](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-e936d3a449e3ecae93ebb5ae1e61feac_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"Basit](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/force-elastique-mouvement-harmonique-simple-plus.png\")
<\/figure>\n<\/span> kinetik enerji ve potansiyel enerji<\/span><\/h3>\n
![\"\\begin{array}{c}E_c=\\cfrac{1}{2}\\cdot](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-6dcaf5059d1a690613d576398e305d34_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n![\"E_m=E_c+E_p\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-9a1d91b1e62fa969b37c4d61c682866c_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\n
![\"E_c\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-c93297fef9d6f0bb54767d8e81ebf3cb_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"E_p\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-09b2ab0fbfe1c76e7f3bf527fc17889c_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<\/p>\n![\"E_m\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-bc895cb1514d6c2ca3f762d5a3402be2_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n![\"E_{p_i}+E_{c_i}=E_{p_f}+E_{c_f}\"](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/ql-cache\/quicklatex.com-2aff47ab4f297de9c53f400a9eecd59d_l3.png\" "\\"Rendered")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n
![\"elastik](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/energie-potentielle-elastique-energie-cinetique.png\")
<\/figure>\n![\"basit](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/formules-de-mouvement-simples-plus-harmoniques.png\")
<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"