Galvanometre<\/strong> , elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm cihaz\u0131d\u0131r. Basit\u00e7e s\u00f6ylemek gerekirse galvanometre, elektrik devrelerinde devredeki elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011funu ve y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir cihazd\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bir galvanometrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, kal\u0131c\u0131 bir m\u0131knat\u0131s\u0131n uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 manyetik kuvvetle ilgilidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n de\u011ferine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak manyetik kuvvet az ya da \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olur ve bu nedenle galvanometre i\u011fnesinin az ya da \u00e7ok d\u00f6nmesine neden olur. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu cihaz\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha derinlemesine inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n Galvanometrenin arkas\u0131ndaki fiziksel konsept ilk olarak 1820’de Hans Oersted taraf\u0131ndan tan\u0131mland\u0131, ancak ilk galvanometrenin tasar\u0131m\u0131 1820’de Johann Schweigger taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131ld\u0131, dolay\u0131s\u0131yla Schweigger galvanometrenin envanteri olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Nihayet 1836’dan itibaren bu alete fizik\u00e7i Luigi Galvani’nin an\u0131s\u0131na galvanometre ad\u0131 verilmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Mant\u0131ksal olarak bu t\u00fcr cihazlar tarih boyunca geli\u015ftirildi ve geli\u015ftirildi, ancak galvanometrenin k\u00f6keni budur.<\/p>\n Bir galvanometrenin par\u00e7alar\u0131<\/strong> \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n Art\u0131k galvanometrenin tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n neler oldu\u011funu bildi\u011fimize g\u00f6re, bu t\u00fcr cihazlar\u0131n nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/p>\n Galvanometrenin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131,<\/strong> devredeki elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fuyla do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak manyetik alan\u0131n etkisi alt\u0131nda d\u00f6nen bir i\u011fnenin hareketine dayanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n Yani galvanometre bobini kal\u0131c\u0131 m\u0131knat\u0131slar\u0131n manyetik alan\u0131na maruz kal\u0131r. Bu nedenle bobinin i\u00e7inden elektrik akt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flar. \u00dcstelik i\u00e7inden ge\u00e7en elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak az ya da \u00e7ok d\u00f6necektir.<\/p>\n Daha sonra bobinin d\u00f6nmesi yay\u0131n da d\u00f6nmesine neden olacakt\u0131r. Ve yay i\u011fneye ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fundan i\u011fne de hareket edecektir. Sonu\u00e7 olarak galvanometre i\u011fnesi devredeki elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011fuyla do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak hareket edecektir.<\/p>\n Son olarak galvanometrenin \u00f6nceden kalibre edilmi\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fi, elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yo\u011funlu\u011funa kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelen de\u011feri i\u015faretleyecektir.<\/p>\n Galvanometreler iki ana tipe ayr\u0131labilir:<\/p>\n Ta\u015f\u0131man\u0131n kolay olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6zel bir galvanometre s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funa dikkat edilmelidir. Bu nedenle ta\u015f\u0131nabilir galvanometre, galvanometrenin ba\u015fka bir \u00e7e\u015fidi olarak da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Ancak ger\u00e7ekte i\u015fleyi\u015fi yukar\u0131da a\u00e7\u0131klanan iki y\u00f6ntemden birine dayanmaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n Galvanometre ile ampermetre aras\u0131ndaki fark,<\/strong> galvanometrenin elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc ve de\u011ferini belirlemek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, ampermetrenin ise yaln\u0131zca elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6l\u00e7ebilmesidir.<\/p>\n \u00d6te yandan ampermetreler genellikle galvanometrelerden daha y\u00fcksek do\u011frulu\u011fa sahiptir. Asl\u0131nda genel olarak elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in ampermetre kullan\u0131r\u0131z \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc normalde ak\u0131m\u0131n y\u00f6n\u00fc bilinir.<\/p>\n Ek olarak, bir galvanometre yaln\u0131zca do\u011fru ak\u0131m devresindeki elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7ebilir. Ampermetreler hem DC hem de AC devreler i\u00e7in kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131d\u0131r. <\/p>\n<\/span>Bir galvanometrenin par\u00e7alar\u0131<\/span><\/h2>\n
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![\"galvanometrenin](\"https:\/\/physigeek.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/parties-de-galvanometre.png\")
<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/span>Galvanometre nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/span><\/h2>\n
<\/span> Galvanometre t\u00fcrleri<\/span><\/h2>\n
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<\/span> Galvanometre ve ampermetre aras\u0131ndaki fark<\/span><\/h2>\n
<\/span> Galvanometre ve voltmetre aras\u0131ndaki fark<\/span><\/h2>\n